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What is NETCONF?

A network managing protocol to configure network elements.

It transports xml (json) via SSH.

<rpc-reply message-id="1" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
  <data>
    <interfaces xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces">
      <interface>
       <name>eth0</name>
       <type xmlns:ianaift="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:iana-if-type">ianaift:ethernetCsmacd</type>
       <enabled>true</enabled>
       <ipv6 xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ip">
         <address>
            <ip>2001:db8:c18:1::3</ip>
            <prefix-length>128</prefix-length>
          </address>
        </ipv6>
      </interface>
    </interfaces>
  </data>
</rpc-reply>

What is YANG?

A data modeling language for the definition of data sent over the NETCONF network configuration protocol. 
It is a schema to validate xml.

 container interfaces {
  description
    "Interface configuration parameters.";
  list interface {
    key "name";
    leaf name {
      type string;
    }
    leaf type {
      type identityref {
        base interface-type;
      }
      mandatory true;
    }
    leaf enabled {
      type boolean;
      default "true";
    }
  }  // list interface
}  // container interfaces

NetConf

NetConf was designed based on Operators Requirements, which are documented in RFC3535. It addresses security topics and operational and maintenance topics.

What is the difference?


Protocol:

SNMP

NETCONF

SOAP

REST

RESTCONF

gRPCWhat comes next ...

Transport Stack

UDP
(connectionless)

SSH
TCP

SSL
HTTP
TCP

SSL
HTTP
TCP

SSL
HTTP
TCP

HTTP/2
TCP

Encoding

BER

XML (new JSON)

XML

XML, JSON

XML, JSON

binary

Resources
(filter mechanism)

OIDs

Path
(xPath on server)


URLs

URLs

URLs

Data models

MIBs

YANG modules

WSDL, XSD


YANG modules

Protocol Buffers

Data Modeling Language

SMI

YANG

WSDL, XSD

Undefined, (WSDL), WADL, text…

YANG

Protocol Buffers

Management Operations

SNMP operations

NETCONF operations

In the XML Schema, not standardized

HTTP operations

HTTP operations

HTTP/2 operations

SDO (like)

IETF

IETF

W3C

W3C

IETF

Google

NETCONF Datastore concept


configuration datastore:

The datastore holding the complete set of configuration data that is required to get a device from its initial default state into a desired operational state.

running configuration datastore:

A configuration datastore holding the complete configuration currently active on the device. The running configuration datastore always exists.

candidate configuration datastore:

A configuration datastore that can be manipulated without impacting the device's current configuration and that can be committed to the running configuration datastore. Not all devices support a candidate configuration datastore.

startup configuration datastore:

The configuration datastore holding the configuration loaded by the device when it boots. Only present on devices that separate the startup configuration datastore from the running configuration datastore.

NETCONF Operations


OperationDescription
get

Retrieve running configuration and device state information.

get-configRetrieve all or part of a specified configuration datastore.
edit-config

Loads all or part of a specified configuration to the specified target (<running>, <candidate>) configuration datastore.

  operation-types: merge, replace, create, delete, remove

copy-config

Create or replace an entire configuration datastore with the contents of another complete configuration datastore.

delete-configDelete a configuration datastore.  The <running> configuration datastore cannot be deleted.
(partly-) lockIt allows the client to lock the entire configuration datastore system of a device.
(partly-) unlockReleases a configuration lock, previously obtained with the <lock> operation.
commit

Sets the running configuration to the current contents of the candidate configuration.

validate

This protocol operation validates the contents of the specified configuration.

close-session

Request graceful termination of a NETCONF session.

kill-session

Force the termination of a NETCONF session.

(hello-message)(exchange of yang capabilities (yang modules) between server and client)

How does it work?

(one of x possibilities)


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